Sunak Names Eight Freeports in Bid to Boost Post-Brexit Economy
Freeports #Freeports
(Bloomberg) — U.K. Chancellor Rishi Sunak unveiled a roster of eight English freeports, low-tariff business zones being created to encourage investment and stimulate trade in the wake of Brexit and the coronavirus crisis.
CONSTELLATION BRANDS, INC.
The winning bids came from ports scattered across England, including the Thames river estuary near London. Others will be named later in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, Sunak said Wednesday in a budget speech.
Sunak defined freeports as “special economic zones with different rules to make it easier and cheaper to do business,” telling parliament that they’ll help deliver a future of “innovative, fast-growing businesses hiring local people into decent, well-paid, green jobs.”
The freeports include Felixstowe and Harwich in southeast England, as well as the Humber and Teesside regions in the northeast, Liverpool in the northwest, Plymouth and the Solent in the south, and East Midlands Airport, Sunak said.
Up to 40 docks and airports are believed to have applied for freeport status after Sunak announced the policy as part of plans to bolster business following Britain’s split from the European Union. Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s government is betting that the locations will become hubs for innovation and investment, encouraged by reduced customs and tax burdens. Other perks include streamlined planning rules and access to infrastructure funding.
The Teesside freeport alone, Sunak said, could see old industrial sites being used for carbon capture, with coronavirus vaccines being manufactured and offshore wind turbines creating clean energy. Tees Valley Mayor Ben Houchen said separately that the freeport will be the biggest in the U.K., covering 4,500 acres, and should create 18,000 jobs over five years.
Teesside is a carbon capture, utilization and storage project. It aims to decarbonize a cluster of carbon-intensive businesses by as early as 2030, eliminating CO2 emissions equivalent to the annual energy use of over 3 million U.K. homes. The Humber industrial cluster also has a major green-energy component, being focused on carbon capture, hydrogen technology and offshore wind to 3,000 jobs, the government said.
No Tariffs
One advantage of freeports is that companies operating there are able to import components without tariffs, complete the manufacturing process and then export finished products or sell them in the U.K. The initiative will “reinforce our position as an outward-looking, trading nation, open to the world,” Sunak said.
Still, a study published Tuesday from the UK in a Changing Europe think tank said freeports provide no “magic bullet” for economic transformation and are instead likely just to relocate activity and jobs from elsewhere in the country at the cost of financial incentives and infrastructure spending.
The U.K. has experimented with freeports before, with around half a dozen established when Margaret Thatcher was prime minister in the 1980s. The legislation that established them was allowed to lapse in 2012, when another Conservative, David Cameron, was premier.
Forth Ports Ltd. Chief Executive Officer Charles Hammond said before Sunak’s announcement that freeports might work better this time around in regenerating particular areas in line with the government’s policy of “leveling up” between regions. The company owns the Port of Tilbury in London, as well as several facilities in Scotland.
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