September 21, 2024

Report: A third of states lost population in 2021 | Tuesday Morning Coffee

Good Tuesday #GoodTuesday

Good Tuesday Morning, Fellow Seekers.The pace of population growth nationwide was five times slower in 2021 than it was over the proceeding decade, with 17 states showing declines last year, according to new data compiled by the Pew Charitable Trusts.

While Pennsylvania evaded population loss in 2021, it was still among the five slowest-growing states (0.23 percent) over the last decade, along with Connecticut, Michigan (0.19 percent each) and Ohio and Wyoming (also 0.23 percent each), the Pew analysis showed.

Because of its sluggish population growth, the commonwealth lost a congressional seat during the latest round of redistricting, dropping from 18 seats to 17. That also shrinks the state’s number of Electoral College votes from 20 to 19 (one for each congressional seat, and one for each United States senator).

While the growth rate nationwide has been slowing for years, it’s been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to Pew. But it wasn’t the only factor.

“In recent years, increasing mortality because of aging as well as declining immigration and falling fertility rates were to blame. However, from July 2020 to July 2021, COVID-19 accelerated this trend. For example, restrictions to curb the spread of the virus contributed to a drop in the number of newcomers from abroad,” the analysis reads.

“And the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that there were at least 474,000 deaths associated with COVID-19 over the same 12 months. These deaths and declining immigration contributed to historically small annual population gains in the U.S. (fewer than 1 million for the first time since 1937), according to the U.S. Census Bureau,” it continued.

A map showing U.S. population change over the last decade (The Pew Charitable Trusts)

That sluggish population growth over the past decade was particularly noticeable in the northeast and midwest, while the south and west were home to the fastest-growing states, trends that mostly continued in 2021, the Pew analysis found.

According to Pew, 10 of the 17 states that lost population in 2021 were in the northeast and midwest. New York charted the largest drop, losing 319,000 people since mid-2020, a decline of 1.58 percent, according to Pew.

Conversely, Idaho and Utah charted the fastest growth rates in 2021, as well as over the last decade, according to Pew. In 2021, Idaho saw its population grow by 2.88 percent, adding 53,000 people — no small potatoes (sorry, couldn’t help it).

Utah’s population, meanwhile, grew by 1.72 percent, adding 56,000 new residents, according to Pew.

(Getty Images)

And if you think these population contractions and expansions don’t have real-world impacts, think again:

A shrinking or slow-growing populace can be both a cause and an effect of weakened economic prospects. The states with long-term population declines all fell near the bottom of economic growth over the 12-year recovery from the Great Recession.

Less economic activity can limit state revenue collections. Though a smaller population can lead to a reduction in some types of spending, it also means there are fewer residents to help cover the costs of long-standing commitments, such as debt and state employee retirement benefits.

On the other hand, states with fast-growing populations typically have strong labor force growth, which fuels economic activity and helps generate tax revenue to fund any increased spending on infrastructure, education, and other government services.

Some other highlights, according to Pew:

  • “Among the 17 states where population declined over the year, losses were greatest in New York (-1.58%), Illinois (-0.89%), Hawaii (-0.71%) and California (-0.66%). Losses in these states were driven by people moving away.
  • “Four states experienced population declines because more people moved out than in, and more people died than were born: Massachusetts, Mississippi, Michigan, and New Mexico. The data does not separate deaths related to COVID-19 from others.
  • “Aside from states with declines, population grew slower over the year than over the 2010-20 period in 19 states. Among them, Washington, Colorado, and Oregon experienced the biggest slowdown in growth compared with their decade-long pace.
  • “After Idaho and Utah, population grew the fastest in Montana (1.66%), Arizona (1.37%), South Carolina (1.17%), Delaware (1.16%), and Texas (1.06%). Gains in each came mostly from new residents moving into the state.
  • “Fourteen states grew more quickly than their 10-year paces. Idaho, Montana, Maine and New Hampshire sped up the most.
  • “Nationwide, gains from international migration exceeded gains from the natural increase in 2021. It was the first time that newcomers from other countries contributed more to population growth than gains from births in a given year, according to the U.S. Census Bureau,” Pew researchers found.
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