September 19, 2024

I bonds offer investors a way to avoid the brunt of inflation. Here’s how they work and where to buy them

Bonds #Bonds

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  • An I bond is a savings bond issued by the US Department of the Treasury. 
  • I bonds have a composite interest rate, which includes a fixed rate and an adjustable rate tied to the Consumer Price Index. 
  • Each year you can purchase up to $10,000 in electronic I bonds and up to $5,000 in paper I bonds. 
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    Similar to corporate organizations, the US government can issue bonds as a way to raise necessary funds. Buyers of Series I Savings Bonds, more commonly referred to as I bonds,  enjoy the security of a fixed return plus protection against inflation. 

    Here’s how these bonds work, whether they’re a good investment, and how to buy one.

    What are I bonds?

    I bonds are designed to protect your money against the corrosive effect of inflation. Unlike a regular savings bond with a fixed rate, I bond interest rates are regularly adjusted to account for the current inflation rate. 

    Here’s a closer look at the features of this relatively low-risk investment opportunity:

  • Interest rate: The composite rate of an I bond incorporates two separate interest rates — a fixed rate of return that remains stable throughout the life of the bond and a variable inflation rate based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) that changes twice a year. 
  • Interest payments: You don’t collect interest payments regularly from an I bond. Interest is earned monthly and compounded semiannually. In other words, your principal is adjusted to include new interest payments twice a year. 
  • Amount: You can purchase up to $10,000 in electronic I bonds each calendar year. It’s possible to get an additional $5,000 in paper I bonds each calendar year. When combined, you can purchase up to $15,000 in a calendar year. The minimum amount for an electronic or paper I bond is $25 or $50, respectively. 
  • Duration: I bonds can earn interest for 30 years unless you cash them in early. You aren’t allowed to cash in an I bond within one year of purchase. If you cash in an I bond two to five years out, you’ll pay a penalty of three months’ interest. 
  • Tax benefits: Interest you earn from an I bond is taxable at the federal level, but it’s not taxable on a state or local level. You have the option to pay the taxes on an annual basis, when the bond is cashed, or when the bond reaches maturity.
  • Note: Bonds issued from May to October 2022 have a combined initial interest rate of 9.62%. 

    Annual Percentage Yield (APY)

    9.62% Interest Rate guaranteed for 6 months, when purchased by 10/31/22

    Minimum Deposit Amount

    $0

    Annual Percentage Yield (APY)

    9.62% Interest Rate guaranteed for 6 months, when purchased by 10/31/22

    Minimum Deposit Amount

    $0

    Deposit Details

    Annual Percentage Yield (APY)

    9.62% Interest Rate guaranteed for 6 months, when purchased by 10/31/22

    I-Bonds are backed by the US Government, so you’re guaranteed a 9.62% Interest Rate on up to $10,000. The Interest Rate on I-Bonds is adjusted every 6 months. The current rate is 9.62%. I-Bonds purchased now through October 2022 will have a 9.62% Interest Rate guaranteed for 6 months. Future changes in rates are not disclosed by the US Treasury.

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    Minimum Deposit Amount

    $0

    Pros & Cons Chevron icon It indicates an expandable section or menu, or sometimes previous / next navigation options.

    Pros

    Check mark icon A check mark. It indicates a confirmation of your intended interaction. Zero I-Bond forms, zero stress

    Cons

    Dash icon A dash. It often indicates an interaction to shrink a section. Savings account earnings are not as straight forward as other high-yield savings accounts Highlights Chevron icon It indicates an expandable section or menu, or sometimes previous / next navigation options.

    More Information

    Is an I bond a good investment?

    As with all investment choices, whether or not an I bond is a good investment depends on your financial goals and risk tolerance. 

    Chris Stuart, a financial analyst and portfolio manager at Shorepoint Capital Partners, says I bonds are good for conservative investors who don’t need to access their cash any time soon. “I bonds really are meant to be used as long-term investments.” 

    Some savers use I bonds to pay for education for themselves, a spouse, or dependents. If you choose to redeem your I bond and use the funds to pay for qualified education expenses, the interest you earn isn’t taxable by the federal government.

    Quick tip: I bonds can also be purchased as gifts for adults or children. To accept the bond, the recipient must also have a TreasuryDirect account.

    Pros and cons of I bonds 

    Every investment opportunity has advantages and disadvantages. Here’s what to know about I bonds. 

    How to purchase I bonds

    I bonds are issued by the U.S. Department of Treasury. You can purchase up to $10,000 worth of I bonds electronically on the TreasuryDirect website. The site requires you to create an account before you get started. 

    Additionally, you can purchase up to $5,000 worth of paper I bonds annually with your federal tax refund. If you want to pursue this option, you’ll need to file IRS Form 8888 with your tax return and indicate an I bond as your preferred payment method. 

    How to redeem I bonds

    If you are holding onto an I bond, you’ll want to cash it in at some point. With electronic I bonds, the process is as simple as logging onto your TreasuryDirect account. There’s a link within your account to cash your bonds. Funds should arrive in your savings or checking account within two business days.

    If you have a paper I bond, you’ll likely need to send physical copies to Treasury Retail Securities Services with FS Form 1522. Account holders at some banks have the option to cash paper savings bonds at a branch location.

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